Dry skin or xerosis is a very common condition that can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender or ethnicity. Perioral skin, which surrounds the nose and mouth, is particularly susceptible due to its thinner and more sensitive nature, and its constant exposure to environmental conditions. This condition is characterised by rough, scaly and itchy skin that has lost its normal mechanical properties.
Perioral xerosis mainly affects the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, which is made up of keratin-enriched corneocytes. Water loss in this layer can cause adhesion and accumulation of corneocytes, resulting in dryness, roughness and flaking. In addition, the perioral area suffering from xerosis is often reddened and feels uncomfortably tight.
Environmental factors such as excessive use of tissues during colds, cold or dry weather conditions, overexposure to the sun, excessive washing of the face, and the use of irritating products such as detergents or harsh soaps can cause perioral xerosis. These environmental conditions damage the skin barrier, causing dryness and rashes in the perioral region. In addition, certain dermatoses such as perioral dermatitis, skin allergies, seborrhoeic and atopic dermatitis, rosacea, eczema or psoriasis may include perioral dryness as a common symptom.
If left untreated, xerosis perioralis can lead to complications. Excessive dryness leads to the formation of breaks or cracks in the affected tissue, potentially increasing the entry of allergens, microbes or toxic substances that induce tissue inflammation. In addition, deficiency in protection against exogenous elements can also lead to secondary bacterial skin infection. It is important to treat xerosis perioralis to improve the feeling of dryness and itching as well as the appearance of the skin. Skin conditioners that improve skin texture and effectively moisturise, soften and soothe the tissue become a mainstay of skin care during episodes of xerosis.
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